BE Projects

One application implemented in APTS area is GPS vehicle tracking system in public transport buses ( Chennai) to monitor vehicle routing and frequency .so that passengers do not have to wait long hours for a bus. .The objective is to provide Global Positioning System based passenger information system to help passengers utilize their waiting time at bus stops more efficiently as well as to reduce the uncertainty and associated frustrations. Display boards with high quality light emitting diode in wide-view angle are provided at bus stops so that passengers can read the information. It displays the number and destination of the approaching bus, expected time of arrival, and messages of public interest. Even SMS Alert is provided to the Ticket reserved passengers from Main server Applies state-of-art transportation management and information technologies to public transit systems to enhance efficiency of operation and improve safety. It includes real-time passenger information systems, automatic vehicle location systems, bus arrival notification systems, and systems providing priority of passage to buses at signalized intersections (transit signal priority).

In the hospitals when any major operation is performed, the patient must be in anesthetize condition. If the operation lasts for a long time, say for suppose for 5 or 7 hours, complete dose of anesthesia cannot be administered in a single stroke. It may lead to the patient’s death. If lower amount of anesthesia is administered, the patient may get up in midst to avoid this, the anesthetist administers few milliliters of anesthesia per hour to the patient. If the anesthetist fails to administer the anesthesia to the patient at the particular time interval, other Allied problems may arise.To overcome such hazardous problems the design of an automatic operation of an anesthesia machine based on a micro-controller is effective. In this system provided syringe infusion pump along with the microcontroller . The anesthetist can set the level of anesthesia in terms of milliliters per hour to administer anesthesia to the patient. After receiving the signal from the temperature sensor heart beat sensor and respiration sensor , the microcontroller controls the signal to the desire level and fed into the stepper motor to drive the infusion pump in proper manner. The anesthesia is administered to the patient according to the stepper motor rotation.This particular paper will be very much useful to physicians to see the current position of anesthesia of the patients. If the level of anesthesia is decreased to lower level (set value), the alarm will be initiated to alert the physician to refill the anesthesia in the Syringe Pump to continue the process

SixthSense is a wearable, gestural interface that augments our physical world with digital information, and lets us use natural hand gestures to interact with that information. SixthSense brings intangible, digital information into the tangible world, and allows us to interact with this information via natural hand gestures. SixthSense frees information from its confines, seamlessly integrating it with reality, thus making the entire world your computer. The SixthSense prototype comprises a pocket projector, mirror, and camera worn in a pendant-like mobile device. Both the projector and the camera are connected to a mobile computing device in the user’s pocket. The system projects information onto the surfaces and physical objects around us, making any surface into a digital interface; the camera recognizes and tracks both the user's hand gestures and physical objects using computer-vision-based techniques. SixthSense uses simple computer-vision techniques to process the video-stream data captured by the camera and follows the locations of colored markers on the user’s fingertips (which are used for visual tracking). In addition, the software interprets the data into gestures to use for interacting with the projected application interfaces. The current SixthSense prototype supports several types of gesture-based interactions, demonstrating the usefulness, viability, and flexibility of the system. The current prototype system costs approximately $350 to build.

The Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is designed to determine if a car is registered in a toll payment program,alert enforcers of toll payment violations, and debit the participating account. With ETC, these transactions can be performed while vehicles travel at near highway cruising speed. ETC is fast becoming a globally accepted method of toll collection, a trend greatly aided by the growth of interoperable ETC technologies. Technologies used in ETC are Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI), Automatic Vehicle Classification (AVC), Video Enforcement Systems (VES) and Vehicle Positioning System (VPS).ETC systems are deployed in the following cities in India: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai.

CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) is a simple and efficient algorithm to calculate hyperbolic and trigonometric functions. It is commonly used when no multiplier hardware is available (e.g., simple micro-controllers and FPGAs). The only operations it requires are addition, subtraction, bit shift and lookup table. The pipelined architecture for coordinate rotation algorithm for the computation of loop performance of complex Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL) in In-phase and quadrature channel receiver is designed.

The design of CORDIC in the vector rotation mode results in high system throughput due to its pipe-lined architecture where latency is reduced in each of the pipelined stage. For on-chip application, the area reduction in the proposed design can be achieved through optimization in the number of micro rotations. For better loop performance of
first order complex DPLL and to minimize quantization error, the number of iterations are also optimized.

CORDIC plural-multiplier is the key module to affecting the speed and accuracy of FFT processor. Considering these demands, the problem of CORDIC algorithm is discussed in detail and the according optimization methods are given in this paper. Then, the hardware pipe-lining structure of the CORDIC multiplier is put forward. Comparison results about RTL simulation results with MATLAB calculation indicate that the design is feasible and practical.

Now-a-days various Digital Signal Processing systems are implemented on a platform of programmable signal processors or on application specific VLSI chips. Coordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm has turned out to be such kind of programmable signal processor. In recent times, it has been a widely researched topic in the field of vector rotated Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications due to its simplicity. This paper presents the design of pipelined architecture for coordinate rotation algorithm for the computation of loop performance of complex Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL) in In-phase and quadrature channel receiver. The design of CORDIC in the vector rotation mode results in high system throughput due to its pipelined architecture where latency is reduced in each of the pipelined stage. For on-chip application, the area reduction in proposed design can is achieved through optimization in the number of micro rotations. For better loop performance of first order complex DPLL and to minimize quantization error, the numbers of iterations are also optimized.

Pilot Controlled Lighting (PCL), also known as Aircraft Radio Control of Aerodrome Lighting (ARCAL) or Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL), is a system which allows aircraft pilots to control the lighting of an airport or airfield's approach lights, runway edge lights, and taxiways via radio. At some airfields, the aerodrome beacon may also be ARCAL controlled. ARCAL is most common Anton or little-used airfields where it is neither economical to light the runways all night, nor to provide staff to turn the runway lighting on and off. It
enables pilots to control the lighting only when required, saving electricity and reducing light pollution. The ARCAL frequency for most aerodromes is usually the same as the UNICOM/CTAF frequency, although in some rare cases, a second ARCAL frequency may be designated to control the lighting for a second runway separately (an example of this is runway 01/19 at the airport in Sydney, NS). To activate the lights, the pilot clicks the radio transmit switch on the ARCAL frequency a certain number of times within a specified number of seconds. There are two type of ARCAL systems, type J and type K. When either type of system is activated, a 15-minute countdown starts, after which the lights turn off. While the lights are on, whenever a lighting command is issued, whether it changes the lighting intensity or not, the 15-minute countdown is reset. At some airfields, the lights may flash once to warn pilots that the lights are about to go off, before turning off two minutes later.When using ARCAL, it is strongly recommended that aircraft on final approach to the airfield issue a fresh lighting command, even if the lights are already on (especially if the lights were activated by another aircraft). This is so that the lighting does not turn off at a critical moment (such as when crossing the runway threshold).